Horizontal Dipole Located Close to Ground Plane With Bidirectional Endfire Radiation

In this letter, a single-element antenna backed by ground plane with unique endfire “8”-shaped patterns in both the azimuth ( E-plane) and elevation ( H-plane) planes is designed and experimentally demonstrated. The endfire radiation patterns benefit from the novel radiation mechanism of surface-wave diffraction. The bidirectional endfire antenna figures a low-profile configuration with overall dimensions of 0.8λ₀ ×0.8λ₀ ×0.04λ₀, consisting of a horizontal dipole located close to a high impedance surface (HIS). Experimental results show that the antenna performs narrow-beamwidth patterns in both the E- and H-planes, resulting in a relatively high gain (maximum gain of 4.92 dBi) compared to a traditional dipole antenna.