Brainwave Technology Gives Internet Access to the Physically Disabled

It is impossible for severely disabled people to browse or learn through the Internet due to the mere lack of independent control of the mouse. This paper proposes a brain computer interface (BCI) to aid severely disabled individuals, such as people disabled by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in browsing or learning on the Internet. By analyzing specific components of event-related potentials (ERPs), cursor control can be achieved. The cursor can be controlled by brain waves in a user-friendly manner to move or click on the web page. The major contributions of this research include: (1) designing a BCI for disabled people, (2) embedding the BCI's cursor controller into a web page, (3) conducting clinical experiments, (4) analysing the experimental results, system accuracy, and effectiveness, and (5) evaluating the system's practicability and giving suggestions for future work. There are two innovative technologies proposed in this research: (1) a specific component of ERPs located at O1, the N2P3 (the difference between the peak and trough of N200 and P300), was used to differentiate targeted from non-targeted (non-selected) signals, (2) instead of a fixed position style BCI, a movable watermark style BCI which follows the cursor was designed. The novel technique supported by a user-friendly interface helps the disabled have contact with the outside world resulting in positive emotions.