ESPAR Antenna System for Dynamic Tracking of Active Targets

Paper encompasses formulation of mathematical model, simulation and later designing of ESPAR (Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator) antenna capable of dynamic tracking of active targets in 3D. Variable reactance set was loaded in array of elements surrounding center element. Reactance value for placement of maxima is specified direction in 3D axis is formulated using Quasi Newton Method. Using calculated values 3D beam steering is achieved. Around 8 dB gain is achieved in specified direction of Theta and Phi. Designed antenna is efficient in terms of size and cost as all the elements are placed at Lambda/4, thereby revolutionizing present day communication systems and replacing conventional Omni directional antennas in Radios, Laptops, Cell phones. Along with efficient beam forming designed antenna is a step forward towards green technology, operating at reduced powers without disrupting EIRP of antenna systems, thereby maintaining constant EIRP.