Establishing Metrics for Assessing the Performance of Directional Modulation Systems

In this paper, metrics for assessing the performance of directional modulation (DM) physical-layer secure wireless systems are discussed. In the paper DM systems are shown to be categorized as static or dynamic. The behavior of each type of system is discussed for QPSK modulation. Besides EVM-like and bit error rate (BER) metrics, secrecy rate as used in information theory community is also derived for the purpose of this QPSK DM system evaluation.