Particle swarm optimization for pattern synthesis of superconducting antenna array

In this work, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to optimize the radiation pattern of non-uniform linear arrays of High superconducting tunable triangular microstrip antennas. Using super-conductors can reduce the insertion loss, and obtain a rather high gain. The full-wave method is used to study the scattering properties of superconducting tunable triangular antennas. Galerkin method is used in the resolution of the electric field integral equation. The far zone radiation fields are derived using Huygens principle and pattern multiplication approach. Also we have presented an optimization technique based on PSO algorithm, which is successfully used to determine the element excitations and/or positions of non-uniform linear antenna arrays, for simultaneous reduction of the side lobe level.