An Enhanced Multiple-Mode penta-band Antenna (EMMA) for mobile applications with improved beside head and hand performance

A proposed Enhanced Multiple-Mode penta-band Antenna (EMMA) offers significant advantages over a conventional Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) and monopole antenna for a handheld device. EMMA antenna is characterized by a unique feed and ground placement and generated third mode in high-band. Due to the unique features, presented antenna has excellent use case performance, as in beside head and beside head and hand cases. The proposed antenna has been simulated, prototyped, tested, and implemented.