Design of a photoconductive antenna with an angled DC bias connection on an extended hemispherical lens substrate

The input impedance and radiation characteristics of photoconductive antennas with different DC bias connection angles printed on an extended hemispherical lens made of high-dielectric-constant substrate was presented. Antennas with different bias connection angles exhibited different gain and radiation efficiency spectra for a specific lens geometry. The antennas with larger DC bias connection angles provided stable input impedance and improved antenna gain levels, particularly in the low-frequency region. This indicates that the DC bias connection angle has specific effects on the overall performance of the photoconductive antenna design.