Design and development of organ on chip using microfluidic technology for simulation

The emergence of micro engineering technologies have enabled a variety of insights to biomedical sciences that is not possible with conventional techniques. The design principles of lab-on-chip devices of point care diagnostics are now being extended to platform of tissue engineering. Organ on chip is the multichannel 3D or 2D microfludic cell structure that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of the organs. The developments in the field of tissue engineering resulted in replacing of animal cell for testing and for implantation the chip which makes the function of the organ which is dysfunction. They provide basis for pathophysiologies, developments and homeostasis in various organs. The tissue engineering exploits the phenomena of compartmentalization to create model culture systems that better represent the organisms. Kidneys, liver and lungs have been built by tissue engineering techniques. Researchers are working towards building a multi channel 3D micro fluidic cell culture system that compartmentalizes the microenvironments. Microfluidics is the science of manipulating small amounts(10
⁻⁹
to 10
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L) of fluids in microfabricated hollow channels. In recent years, several organs have been recreated using microfludic compartmentalization. They may be used as a device for simulation and in wide in area of medical research.