Vehicle-to-grid service potential with price based PEV charging/discharging

In this paper the operation of distributed charging infrastructure of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is characterized. Charging and discharging pattern is optimized according to price variations to maximize the social benefit of PEV participation as energy storage in the electricity market. 2009 US National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data set has been used in several ways to probabilistically quantify the PEVs' status in order to characterize the real time mobility behavior. Grid regulation ancillary service potential of the vehicle fleet is calculated based on the results of optimization problem.