The effect of delta and star connections upon transformer wave forms

The purpose of the paper is to show the distortions resulting from different symmetrical three-phase connections of generator and transformers without transmission line, as dependent upon the hysteresis cycle and the admittance of the transformers at no-load. Tests were made with the oscillograph to show the no-load exciting current and voltage waves of three single-phase step-up transformers when the windings of the generator and both sides of the transformers were connected in all possible symmetrical delta and star relations. Tests are divided into four groups, according to the connection of the generator. In all cases normal low-tension line voltage was held, but voltage and current measurements were considered less important than the recording of wave forms. Oscillograms are given in each case and the relations between the flux, voltage, exciting current, and the hysteresis cycle are shown in two instances. The author points out that the best voltage wave forms will, in general, be obtained with a star-connected generator and delta-star or star-delta connected transformers.