A novel study on beaconing for VANET-based vehicle to vehicle communication: Probability of beacon delivery in realistic large-scale urban area using 802.11p

Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication are playing an important role in improving the road safety and comfort. Communication between cars often referred to vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) has many advantages such as reducing cars accidents, minimizing the traffic jam, reducing fuel consumption and emissions, etc. VANET architecture has been standardized in the IEEE 802.11p specification. VANETs beaconing is one of the most important communication modes, which is used to broadcast the information of a car to the neighbour cars. This paper deals with simulation of car to car communication in realistic large-scale urban area (real traffic and map) based on IEEE 802.11p standard and investigates the successful beacon delivery probability. This study calculates the Probability of Beacon Delivery (PBD) in realistic simulation and compares that with the mathematical model. PBD for cars in different situations are calculated (for example PBD for one particular car in the city, one group of cars in the street, cars in the crossroad, PBD in a large area with different traffic density, etc.). Studying the PBD of 802.11p is necessary to find out whether this technology is effective before implementing in the real world. This study is the first study performed on the PBD of 802.11p in realistic large urban area. The results show that the PBD of 802.11p in a large area with huge density of cars is quite low. In addition, in this study different VANET simulators are investigated. As a result SUMO for traffic simulation, OMNeT++ for Network Simulation and Veins framework for integration of OMNeT++ and SUMO are selected in this study.