Development of complicated rice crop calendar in Southeast Asia with time-series MODIS data

Food security is one of the critical issues for the international community. Rice is the most significant cereal crop in Asia, since Asian countries are responsible for approximately 90% of the world rice production and consumptions. However, rice cropping system in Southeast Asia is highly complicated. Rice is cultivated more than twice and it depends on water resource availability. In this study, we used MODIS Vegetation Index product with spectral analysis and developed crop calendar which indicates the number of cropping cycle in a year and when rice crop is planted in each cropping cycle. Derived rice crop calendar indicates special variability between Chao Phraya River basin and northeastern area. Planted area of major and second rice in provincial level derived from agricultural stats and MODIS have linearity with a determinant coefficient of 0.97 and 0.68, respectively. Rice crop calendar would enhance our ability to perceive rice crop production and improve crop management.