Design of a W-Band 2-bit differential CMOS phase shifter

This paper presents the design of a W-Band I-Q phase shifter and the corresponding simulation results in 28-nm CMOS technology. The design of passive components like a 90° hybrid and transformers needed to realize differential I-Q operation is shown. The phase of the RF signal can be varied from 0° to 270° in steps of 90°. The simulated input and output matching are better than -10 dB, and the maximum phase error is roughly 10° with a maximum output imbalance of 0.5 dB at 90 GHz using a 1-V supply voltage. The total power consumption is 41 mW and the die area is 0.46 mm
²
.