Generation of Guiding Modes by Surface Modes in Anisotropic Metamaterial Waveguide

We explore the possibility of the existence of guiding modes generated by surface modes in a three-layer waveguide composed of anisotropic single-negative metamaterial. The conditions for generation of even or odd guiding modes are deduced in eight subcases of single-negative (SNG) metamaterials with a different combination of positive or negative components of permittivity and permeability tensors, including the requirements for real propagation of surface and guiding modes as well as a solvable dispersion equation. The theoretical prediction is verified by simulation results, and the generated guiding modes are much more controllable and practicable in the three-layer symmetric waveguide consists of anisotropic SNG metamaterial.