GAODV: A Modified AODV Against Single and Collaborative Black Hole Attacks in MANETs

MANETs are best suited for emergency situations as they facilitate fully distributed, self maintainable dynamic topology networks that operate without the use of external infrastructure. But the proliferation of such MANET based applications is limited as its features though impart high applicability but also manifest unreliability. Another cause of unreliability is the mutual intrinsic trust during communication. One such attack exploiting this trustworthiness is called the Black Hole attack wherein the Black Hole in the network promises routing of the data packet to the destination while in actuality it drops them hence decreasing reliability. In this paper we therefore analyse MANETs under single and collaborative Black Hole attack and prevent it by diverting traffic from the Black Hole. The MANETs so discussed employ the AODV routing protocol and the method so proposed is based on sending confirmation packets that are verified by the destination to check for Black Hole presence in the GAODV routing protocol so proposed. The GAODV algorithm was then simulated in both static as well as mobile node environment and it was observed that its data delivery ratio is significantly better than the conventional AODV.