A study on 4D antenna arrays conformed to a cylindrical platform

This paper studies the relevant techniques of conformal antenna arrays based on the theory of 4D antenna arrays. A 4D antenna array conformed to cylindrical platform is designed in this paper by taking full advantages of 4D antenna arrays and conformal antenna arrays. The mutual coupling effect in the practical conformal arrays is taken into account by the optimization approach combining the DE algorithm and simulated element patterns using commercial software HFSS or measured element patterns in the practical array environment. The simulated and measured results validate the methods of pattern synthesis in conformal 4D antenna arrays.