Common foundations underlying engineering and management

Because many of the engineer's chief problems have their origin in the management system, perhaps his philosophy should be applied to the management interface that couples engineering to the needs of society Management has been sharply distinguished from engineering in the literature even though both share common principles and philosophy. Although both management and engineering lie within the scope of IEEE, few articles have been published that reflect the social and managerial environment that shapes the selection, pursuit, and outcome of an engineering endeavor. Likewise, management articles seldom integrate the technical and psychological aspects into a comprehensive picture of the manager's role.