Metamaterial-based curl antenna

The MTM-based curl (having a height of approximately λ/100) radiates a dual-band anti-CP wave. It is found that the radiation pattern remains unchanged, as long as the substrate side length s
_sub
(= ground plane side length s
_GP
) is greater than 0.22λ
_N
. It is also found that the frequency response of the gain does not change when the ground plane side length s
_GP
is varied with a fixed s
_sub
= 0.22λ
_N
. The frequency band width is 9.6% for gain G
_L
and 9.7% for gain G
_R
.