The role of the Lombard reflex in parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe disease with many symptoms, including speech disorders. Although many methods exist to treat some of PD's symptoms, therapies for speech impairment are not effective and satisfactory, resulting in an open area of research. The current project aims at taking advantage of the Lombard reflex to improve the speech loudness of PD patients. As a first step, the experience of the Lombard reflex by Japanese PD people was confirmed, and the perception of PD patients' speech was evaluated by several subjects. In a following step, methods based on masking sound will be used for intensive training and for self-training of PD patients. However, after intensive training, PD patients may be able to talk louder even without masking noise. In addition, the design and the development of a device based on masking sound that can be used by PD patients while using phone is under consideration.