The describing function of backlash followed by a dead zone

AFTER the publication by Ralph Kochenburger1,2 of the describing function method of nonlinear servo design, several articles appeared in which the describing functions of common non-linearities were derived.2,3 It is the purpose of this paper to derive the describing function of a combination of two common nonlinearities which is not yet available in the literature. Graphs will be presented in a form that can be used directly in nonlinear feedback system analysis as commonly used.