Quad Compositions of Collocated Dipoles and Loops: For Direction Finding and Polarization Estimation

This letter shows the closed-form estimation formulas for direction finding and polarization estimation using a collocated quad of orthogonally oriented dipole(s) and loop(s). In total, there are 15 different compositions, and among them, 14 compositions can offer closed-form estimates for the azimuth-elevation direction of arrival and the polarization parameters.