Epidemiology of urinary stones

Stones are more common in men than in women. Stone formation in renal systems in one of the oldest and the most common form of crystal deposition. Population that consume diets rich in animal protein have a higher risk of stones than those with a more vegetarian diet. The risk of forming a stone is increased further by a high intake of refined sugar, salt and oxalate-rich foods. Living and working in a hot environment or engaging in regular vigorous exercise can increase the risk of forming stones by decreasing urine volume as a result of dehydration from sweating. Obesity results in increased urinary excretion of stone formation. Forty six samples are collected from various Hospitals with survey of various factors in the form of questionnaire. From the questionnaire, a detailed statistical discussion on the Epidomology of the kidney stones on the basis of Age, Symptoms, Food habits, Occupation, Obesity, Sexual correlation and Recurrence. Stones are removed surgically, ureterscopy and ‘crushing and evacuation’ method. In our studies ten samples are removed by surgically, we can get crystals. Other samples are crushed. A seasonal variation is an important factor to formation of kidney stones.