FPGA realization of spectrum sensing based on Bayesian framework for cognitive radio network

In this paper, spectrum sensing is based on Energy detection in the frequency domain with Bayesian criterion. The sensing performance is analyzed using Monte-Carlo methods. In practice, the performance of the single node degrades due to noise effects in the channel such as fading, shadowing, and the receiver uncertainty. So, we have mitigated these effects using cooperative sensing and compare the results with single node. The simulation result discloses that the proposed detection algorithm can detect noisy signals of signal to noise ratio (SNR) up to -21dB using single node, -26dB using five nodes in cooperation at required probability of detection and false alarm probability (P
_d
≥ 0.9 and P
_f
≤ 0.1). The single node sensing algorithm is also implemented in Virtex-4 (XC4VSX35-FFG668-10) Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).