Stable Discretization of Combined Source Integral Equation for Scattering by Dielectric Objects

A stable discretization scheme is presented for the combined source integral equation (CSIE) of electromagnetic scattering from three-dimensional arbitrarily shaped homogeneous dielectric objects. The discretization scheme uses both the primary (Rao-Wilton-Glisson, RWG) and the dual (Buffa-Christiansen, BC) functions and avoids numerical problems that would appear if the equations were discretized with the RWG functions only.