A Joint Localization Scheme Based on IR-UWB for Sensor Network

A novel localization scheme for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is based on the joint of TOA (Time of Arrival) and AOA (Angle of Arrival) under IR-UWB (Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband) signaling is proposed in this paper. An antenna array is presented at the RN (Reference Node) or source node to detect the UWB signal rebounded by UN (Unknown Node) for the joint estimation of TOA and AOA, therefore, one reference node is enough for the proposed method to localize other sensor nodes. In order to satisfy the low complexity requirement of WSN, on the one hand, RTT (Round Trip Time) is used to estimate TOA without the time synchronization of the network, On the other hand, TDOA is adopted to estimate AOA, avoiding the conventional complicated antenna beam-forming for AOA. Simultaneously, the multi-path detection algorithm for TOA estimation is presented and the error model to the localization performance of the proposed scheme is tested under IEEE 802.15.4a channel models; the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.