Depositions effects and losses caused by shading on photovoltaic panels

This paper aims to determine how photovoltaic cells are affected by depositions and shadow casting on their surface. Shadow casting effect on the photovoltaic panels is easily discernible, especially when it is permanent. The appearance of a shadow caused by a tree or a chimney, for example, reduces the amount of energy produced. Depositions, such as snow, dust and dirt that may also appear on the photovoltaic panel surface, lead to local overheating of the cells.