Open-loop approach for control of multi-terminal DC systems based on modular multilevel converters

In this paper a multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) system with modular multilevel converters (M2Cs) is suggested. An open loop control method is used for the control of the converters. Each converter is modeled with 36 sub-modules per arm with a total of 216 sub-modules consisting of half bridges. Power-synchronization control is used instead of a phase-locked loop (PLL) for synchronization. Thus, the short circuit capacities of the ac systems are no longer limiting factors and the instability caused by the PLL in weak ac systems is avoided. A direct voltage controller is implemented with power-synchronization control as an inner loop in one station. Several scenarios are analyzed to demonstrate control flexibility and ride-through capability for grid transients. By means of analytical calculations and time simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC, the validity of the proposed MTDC system is confirmed.