Seasonal Additional Attenuation in Woodlands for Satellite Services at L-, S- and C-Bands $ $

Results of measurement trials at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 GHz focused on high elevation links with a ground terminal inside a forested area are presented. Previous measurements during summer vegetation shadowing in full leaf were significantly expanded upon in new locations and, in addition, by conducting trials during winter. New empirical linear models were derived for both summer and winter at a broad frequency range taking into consideration elevation angles between 25 to 90 degrees. The models can be used to estimate average, minimum and maximum values of the additional vegetation attenuation in moderate climate woodlands.