Understanding short-term BTI behavior through comprehensive observation of gate-voltage dependence of RTN in highly scaled high-κ / metal-gate pFETs

In this paper, we report the results of extensive RTN trap analysis in high-k / metal-gate pFETs with respect to the response of >;1400 traps to gate voltage, and discuss, for the first time, the impact of these results on understanding BTI stress and recovery effects. Our results suggest that the statistical variation in BTI effects in scaled devices may become very large because of the wide range of trap characteristics.