Localization of active UWB sensor nodes in multipath and NLOS environments

Localization in distributed Ultra-Wideband (UWB) sensor networks is an important area that attracts significant research interest. In this paper, main sources of errors of range-based localization is analyzed and four different solutions for coping with the problems are investigated. The solutions include high precision range estimation algorithms, effective location estimation algorithms, Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) identification and mitigation, and tracking of moving nodes. In the discussion for each solution, a number of algorithms are analyzed. Afterwards, a novel localization approach which uses the combination of the four solutions is proposed.