Automated formal verification of processors based on architectural models

To keep up with the growing complexity of digital systems, high level models are used in the design process. In today's processor design, a comprehensive tool chain can be built automatically from architectural or transaction level models, but disregarding formal verification. We present an approach to automatically generate a complete property suite from an architecture description, that can be used to formally verify a register transfer level (RTL) implementation of a processor. The property suite is complete by construction, i.e. an exhaustive verification of all the functionality of the processor is ensured by the method. It allows for the efficient verification of single pipeline processors, including several advanced processor features like multicycle instructions. At the same time, the structured approach reduces the effort for verification significantly compared to a manual complete formal verification. The presented techniques have been implemented in the tool FISACo, which is demonstrated on an industrial processor.