Multi band GSM - GPS patch antenna optimization using global optimizers

In this paper a shorted U-shaped patch antenna fed by another patch on the same layer is proposed for the dual GSM band operation. The U-shaped patch is fed by electromagnetic coupling by another coaxially fed patch on the same layer, which operates at the higher frequency band. For the GPS operation an upper layer is used with a rectangular patch. In this paper Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and Divided Rectangles technique (DIRECT) global search algorithm are used to search for the optimal antenna geometry. The two algorithms are introduced and compared.