Let's Do the Time Warp: Multicomponent Nonlinear Motion Estimation in Differential SAR Tomography

In the differential synthetic aperture radar tomography (D-TomoSAR) system model, the motion history appears as a phase term. In the case of nonlinear motion, this phase term is no longer linear and, hence, cannot be retrieved by spectral estimation. We propose the “time warp” method that rearranges the acquisition dates such that a linear motion is pretended. The multicomponent generalization of time warp rewrites the D-TomoSAR system model to an (
M
+ 1)-dimensional standard spectral estimation problem, where
M
indicates the user-defined motion model order and, hence, enables the motion estimation for all possible complex motion models. Both simulations and real data (from TerraSAR-X spotlight) examples demonstrate the applicability of the method and show that linear and periodic (seasonal) motion components can be separated and retrieved.