Experimental Results of Single Carrier Digital Modulation for Underwater Sensor Networks

This paper presents the experimental results of single carrier digital modulation schemes for underwater sensor networks. To obtain a real sea data of acoustic communications, an experiment was performed at the shallow water environments. ASK and FSK were used as non-coherent modulation scheme and QPSK and 16-QAM are used as coherent modulation scheme. Except for 16 QAM, the experimental results represent the achievable Bit Error Rates (BER) on the order of 10
^-3
without compensation techniques.