Review on frequency control of power systems with wind power penetration

The increasing penetration of wind power may influence the frequency stability of power systems. Therefore, new control schemes are necessary for wind turbines and power systems to support the frequency control. Currently, most of the published control methods can be classified into 3 levels, i.e., wind turbine level, wind farm level and power system level. The wind turbine level control enables wind turbines, particularly the variable speed wind generators, to provide dynamic response and power reserves for the primary frequency control by implementing the inertial, droop or deloading controller. The wind farm level control distributes the central control command from the system to the local wind turbines and energy storage units for the desired generation. The power system level control coordinates wind farms with conventional power plants for the secondary control to recover the frequency to the reference value faster than for the no coordination control case. This paper presents a review on the latest studies in relation to the 3-level frequency control of power systems with wind power penetration.