Multilateral investigation of the ionosphere through a magnetospheric storm

Manifestation of magnetospheric disturbances in the Earth's ionosphere has a very complex character. Magnetospheric storms and substorms cause drastic violation of the ionosphere structure. As a result, there are some difficulties in operation of different radio systems: communications, navigation, over-horizon radiolocation and so on. The specific regularities in variations of both frequency range on the path and critical frequencies of the F2 layer through the ionosondes chain during the disturbed period were revealed.