Wireless Smart Grid Design for Monitoring and Optimizing Electric Transmission in India

Electricity losses in India during transmission and distribution are extremely high and vary between 30 to 45%. Wireless network based architecture is proposed in this paper, for monitoring and optimizing the electric transmission and distribution system in India. The system consists of multiple smart wireless transformer sensor node, smart controlling station, smart transmission line sensor node, and smart wireless consumer sensor node. The proposed software module also incorporates different data aggregation algorithms needed for the different pathways of the electricity distribution system. This design incorporates effective solutions for multiple problems faced by India's electricity distribution system such as varying voltage levels experienced due to the varying electrical consumption, power theft, manual billing system, and transmission line fault. The proposed architecture is designed for single phase electricity distribution system, and this design can be implemented for three phase system of electricity distribution with minor modifications. The implementation of this system will save large amount of electricity, and thereby electricity will be available for more number of consumers than earlier, in a highly populated country such as India. The proposed smart grid architecture developed for Indian scenario, delivers continuous real-time monitoring of energy utilization, efficient energy consumption, minimum energy loss, power theft detection, line fault detection, and automated billing.