Mobile Beacon-Based 3D-Localization with Multidimensional Scaling in Large Sensor Networks

Localization is essential in wireless sensor networks to handle the reporting of events from sensor nodes. For 3-D applications, we propose a mobile beacon-based localization using classical multidimensional scaling (MBL-MDS) by taking full advantage of MDS with connectivity and measurements. To further improve location performance, MBL-MDS adopts a selection rule to choose useful reference points, and a decision rule to prevent a failure case due to reference points placed on the same plane. Simulation results show improved performance of MBL-MDS in terms of location accuracy and computation complexity.