Distribution and Enrichment of High Arsenic Groundwater and Water Improvement for Prevention Endemic Diseases in Yinchuan Plain of China

The paper studies the distributional characteristics, sources and enrichment factors of arsenic in groundwater in Yinchuan Plain, and gives some suggestions for improvement of water quality for prevention and control of endemic diseases. 1) There is distinct zonal distribution in anomalous arsenic regions of groundwater in Yinchuan plain. The content of arsenic is increasing from the front of prolusion inclined plain before mountain to the center of alluvial lacustrine plain. High arsenic groundwater has shown points distribution from the south to the north-east, and overall zonary located in lacustrine plain areas; high arsenic groundwater is mainly enriched between 0 and 40m depths of the aquifer; 2)The coal stratums enriched arsenic of Helan Mountains are main sources of arsenic in groundwater. 3) The specific paleogeographic environment, reducing environment, slow groundwater runoff and arid-semiarid climate are the major enrichment factors of Arsenic in groundwater. 4) In future there are directions for improvement of water quality for prevention and control of endemic diseases including exploited unconfined water in alluvial-proluvial plain of the east piedmont of Helan Mountains and the first confined water in alluvial lacustrine plain.