Wideband millimetre wave end-fire antenna and array for wireless short-range applications

A wideband 60 GHz end-fire antenna element and a 1 × 4 array suitable especially for mobile devices have been developed. For the single antenna, the measured |S
₁₁
| is below -7 dB between 53-68 GHz and below -10 dB in the frequency ranges of 53-59 GHz and 65-68 GHz. The measured gain is 3.1... 7.1 dBi between 55-64 GHz. For the array, the measured -10-dB frequency band is from 52 GHz up to 68 GHz. The measured gain is 7.0... 9.5 dBi between 55-64 GHz. The antennas are manufactured on LTCC ceramic process and can be integrated with a radio module or flip-chip mounted on a mobile device circuit board. The size of the manufactured compact antenna element is only 3×4×0.27 mm
³
. The array occupies 12×5.5×0.27 mm
³
of space.