Millimeter-wave integrated waveguide antenna arrays and beamforming networks for low-cost satellite and mobile systems

This paper overviews the state-of-the-art of the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) techniques in the design and realization of innovative and low-loss millimetre-wave antenna arrays and beamforming networks for low-cost satellite and mobile systems. Novel classes of SIW-based antenna and beamforming techniques on the basis of this concept of substrate integrated circuits (SICs) are demonstrated to offer unprecedented performances and opportunities. Different structures and architectures are theoretically and experimentally studied and discussed for specific space- and ground-based applications. High-density integration and high-volume manufacturing issues are addressed.