Study on Sustainable Development of Shandong Province - Based on Ecological Footprint and Human Development Index from 2002 to 2007

The ecological footprint (EF) per capita and human development index (HDI) of Shandong province from 2002 to 2007 are calculated, and the sustainable development level of Shandong province is evaluated quantitatively. The results show that the ratio of ecological footprint demand and supply has increased from 4.30:1 to 6.70:1 during the six-year period. The ecological footprint of fossil energy land made the primary and increasing contribution to total footprint of Shandong province with a ratio of from 33.23% in 2002 to 49.18% in 2007. Despite being restricted by the low income index, Shandong province has reached the high level of human development since 2006. There was an imbalance in development between the co-environment system and the social-economy system in Shandong province. Some suggestions to enhance the sustainable development of Shandong province were put forward in the end.