16$\,{\times}\,$ 107-Gb/s 12.5-GHz-Spaced PDM-36QAM Transmission Over 400 km of Standard Single-Mode Fiber

Employing raised-cosine pulse-shaped polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM) 36 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) format and standard single-mode fiber (SMF-28), 16 × 107-Gb/s PDM-36QAM signals in 12.5-GHz spacing have been realized to transmit over 400 km with a hybrid erbium-doped fiber amplifier and Raman amplification. The spectral efficiency (SE) for the 100 Gb/s is up to 8 b/s/Hz. This is the longest transmission for 100 Gb/s with an SE of 8 b/s/Hz.