Appendix C: Turbulence and Refractive Index Fluctuations

This appendix contains sections titled:

• Laminar Flow and Turbulence

• Developed Turbulence

• Scalar Quantities Conserved in a Turbulence and Neutral, Stable, and Unstable Atmosphere

• Fluctuations of the Index of Refraction

• Structure Functions of a Conservative Scalar and the Index of Refraction Fluctuation

• The Energy Dissipation Rate ?> and the Energy Budget of Atmospheric Turbulence

• The Rate of Dissipation of the Fluctuation N

• Calculation of the Structure Constant

• Boundary Layer, Free Atmosphere, Large- and Small-Scale Turbulence

• The Structure Constant for the Index of Refraction in the Boundary Layer

• The Structure Constant Cn for Free Atmosphere

• Relation between the Structure Constant Cn and the Variance of the Index of Refraction Fluctuation