A Code-Shifted Reference impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) transmitter

We have recently proposed the Code-shifted-reference impulse UWB radio that overcomes the technical challenges encountered by other UWB systems. Further to our previous work, this paper presents a transmitter structure which implements the Code-Shifted Reference UWB transmission scheme. The transmitter is shown to operate in the lower UWB spectrum (3–5GHz), with a center frequency of 4.44GHz. It generates a 4ns pulse which is in accordance with the FCC recommendations.