A CMOS electrochemical impedance spectroscopy biosensor array for label-free biomolecular detection

A fully integrated 10×10 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy array is designed for label-free biomolecular detection applications. Each biosensor pixel includes an on-chip bio-functionalized electrode and a direct-conversion receiver capable of measuring complex admittance levels as low as 10·¿¿
^-1
with a dynamic range larger than 90 dB in a 10 Hz-to-50 MHz frequency range.