Lossy encoding of motion vectors using entropy-constrained vector quantization

Many well-known video coding algorithms employ block motion estimation and compensation. But not much attention has been given to the problem of rate allocation for encoding the motion vectors and motion compensated difference frame. We propose entropy-constrained vector quantization of a dense motion vector field as a means of controlling the rate allocated to encoding of motion vectors. An algorithm is proposed for accomplishing this task and extension to motion vector encoding using prediction is discussed.