Improved Neural Efficiency under Matching Condition for Gifted Children

To investigate the neural efficiency theory of intelligence, electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded while 15 intellectually gifted children and 15 average children performed a 2-back working memory task. The amplitude of P2, N2, and LPC were analyzed. The results showed that intellectually gifted children performed more accurately and had larger LPC mean amplitudes than their intellectually average peers under the matching condition, suggesting that intellectually gifted individual can use their brain and allocate cognitive resources more efficiently.