Special current transducers for safety requirements and special applications

Special applications and new safety requirements for both humans and equipment have led to the development of many new transducers which offer unique characteristics not found in the usual current measurement techniques. These include zero current detection, the measurement of an AC component in a DC current, DC differential current measurement, the measurement of a DC component in an AC current, and the precise measurement between phases of PWM inverters. Many of these requirements are encountered in the traction field.