Chip-scale nanophotonic chemical and biological sensors using CMOS process

A monolithic integrated chip-scale surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is demonstrated. The device consists of a pn photodiode covered with a periodic modified thin metal film whose lattice constant is on the order of the wavelength of light. The device performs real-time measurement of resonant wavelengths of enhanced optical transmission due to surface plasmon resonance, which are influenced by the presence of chemical or biological materials at the device's surface.